Treatment options for condylomata acuminata and anal dysplasia

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections belong to the most common sexually transmitted infections but most infections are asymptomatic. Approximately 40 of the so far more than 200 completely classified HPV types belong to the genus Alpha and predominantly lead to infections of the anogenital region. Condylomata acuminata are caused by low-risk HPV types and belong to the most common sexually transmitted diseases. High-grade anal dysplasia is a potential precursor lesion of invasive anal carcinoma and is induced by high-risk HPV types. As condylomata acuminata and anal dysplasia are both intraepithelial lesions, treatment which is gentle on the tissue and superficial should always be performed. Treatment options for anogenital warts and anal dysplasia do not substantially differ and can be divided into ablative and topical procedures. Condylomata acuminata and a large proportion of anal dysplasias are preventable by prophylactic HPV vaccination. In the case of an already present HPV infection or HPV-induced lesions, prophylactic HPV vaccination cannot be recommended.

Automated summary

HPV infections, common in sexually transmitted cases, include Alpha genus HPV types causing anogenital infections and low-risk types causing condylomata acuminata. High-risk HPV types induce high-grade anal dysplasia, which should be treated gently and effectively. Prophylactic HPV vaccination can prevent condylomata acuminata and anal dysplasia.