Cellular Senescence in Liver Disease and Regeneration

Cellular senescence is an irreversible cell cycle arrest implemented by the cell as a result of stressful insults. Characterized by phenotypic alterations, including secretome changes and genomic instability, senescence is capable of exerting both detrimental and beneficial processes. Accumulating evidence has shown that cellular senescence plays a relevant role in the occurrence and development of liver disease, as a mechanism to contain damage and promote regeneration, but also characterizing the onset and correlating with the extent of damage. The evidence of senescent mechanisms acting on the cell populations of the liver will be described including the role of markers to detect cellular senescence. Overall, this review intends to summarize the role of senescence in liver homeostasis, injury, disease, and regeneration.

Automated summary

Cellular senescence is an irreversible cell cycle arrest caused by stressful insults, involving phenotypic alterations, changes in secretome, and genomic instability, capable of both detrimental and beneficial effects. It plays a crucial role in liver disease by containing damage and promoting regeneration, while also characterizing the onset and extent of damage. The review aims to summarize the role of senescence in liver homeostasis, injury, disease, and regeneration.