Simulation of entropy optimization and thermal behavior of nanofluid through the porous media

Hydrothermal behavior of hybrid nanomaterial migration from a perforated and wavy container is analyzed by taking into account the impacts of Lorentz force and constant heat flux. The non-Darcy model incorporates the effects due to medium porosity. Suitable relations are used to transform the developed set of PDEs to non-dimensional form. The flow is simulated by employing the standard computational technique of CVFEM and then analyzed through entropy optimization. The impacts produced due to enhancing buoyancy, Lorentz forces and porosity over the hydrothermal behavior of the fluid motion are displayed by various plots. It is observed that the augmenting buoyancy and medium porosity enhance the convective flow and drop the temperature. An enhancing Lorentz forces depreciates the convective flow strength and rises the fluid temperature. The entropy generation due to different contributions also shows dependence on the varying strength of the associated parameters. Analytical relations of average Nusselt and Bejan numbers are derived, which show their dependence on the Rayleigh, Hartmann and Darcy numbers. The accommodation of the achieved results and the previous research ascertains the correctness of applied procedure.

Automated summary

The hydrothermal behavior of hybrid nanomaterial migration from a perforated and wavy container is analyzed, taking into account the impacts of buoyancy, Lorentz forces, and medium porosity on fluid motion. The study shows that increasing buoyancy and medium porosity enhance convective flow, while increasing Lorentz forces decreases convective flow strength and raises fluid temperature. The results also demonstrate the dependence of entropy generation on various parameters and derive analytical relations for average Nusselt and Bejan numbers.