Theoretical investigation for convective heat transfer on Cu/water nanofluid and (SiO2-copper)/water hybrid nanofluid with MHD and nanoparticle shape effects comprising relaxation and contraction phenomenon

A methodological approach has been adopted in order to investigate the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of (Cu-SiO2)/water hybrid nanofluid keeping in view the peristaltic motion. An endeavor is made to obtain accurate results of velocity slip and convective boundary conditions while studying four different types of geometric shapes (sphere, bricks, cylinder and platelets). The formulated equations are theoretically examined. In the manuscript, flow phenomenon of relaxation and contraction in a geometry of finite length of a non-uniform tube with regards to Cu/water and (Cu-SiO2)/water hybrid nanoparticles are deliberated. Equations related to realistic boundary conditions i.e. dimensionless control equations, are also studied in the manuscript. In order to validate theoretical findings of the work, graphical discussion on supplementary nanoparticles form a part of this manuscript. Effects of these nanoparticles on velocity, temperature distribution and transfer of heat is also discussed in the same manuscript. The analysis shows that conductivity of the nanoparticles is directly proportional to the volume of the nanoparticles. The results also show that there is significantly increase in temperature and velocity due to increase of heat absorption which also results in increases in elevation for hybrid nanofluid. The above discussion implies that convective heat transfer parameter has higher impact in case of (Cu-SiO2)/water hybrid nanofluid as compare to Cu-water/nanofluid. Streamlines pattern of Peristaltic transport is also discussed in the paper. This manuscript also draws the comparison between the results of Cu-water and (Cu-SiO2)/water hybrid.

Automated summary

This study investigates the magnetohydrodynamic flow of (Cu-SiO2)/water hybrid nanofluid with consideration of peristaltic motion, using theoretical equations to model flow in four different geometric shapes. The effects of nanoparticles on velocity, temperature distribution, and heat transfer are discussed, showing direct proportionality between nanoparticle conductivity and volume. Additionally, the impact of convective heat transfer parameter is found to be higher in (Cu-SiO2)/water hybrid nanofluid compared to Cu-water nanofluid.