ASSESSMENT OF ENTROPY GENERATION AND HEAT TRANSFER IN THREE-DIMENSIONAL HYBRID NANOFLUIDS FLOW DUE TO CONVECTIVE SURFACE AND BASE FLUIDS

The entropy generation of hybrid nanofluids flow via a porous stretching surface due to the influence of thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, and convective boundary conditions is investigated in this work. The used hybrid nanofluids (HyNF) are carbon nanotubes/base fluid (engine oil, ethylene glycol, water, kerosene oil). Kerosene oil, water, ethylene glycol, and engine oil are considered as base fluids while nanoparticles are single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). The Xue model of thermal conductivity is used for nanofluids as well as hybrid nanofluids. The range of volume fraction of carbon nanotubes (CNT) is 0.02 to 0.30. The numerical analysis technique is used to assess the governing nonlinear equations of the model. In the current framework, the patterns of velocities/temperature, Nusselt and Bejan number, and entropy generation versus existing parameter are depicted. The comparison of various hybrid nanofluids with thermal field profiles have been portrayed by graphs and it has been noticed that CNT-engine oil hybrid nanofluid is more significant near the surface in comparison to other hybrid nanofluids

Automated summary

This study investigates the entropy generation of hybrid nanofluids flow on a porous stretching surface under the influence of thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, and convective boundary conditions. The investigation reveals the patterns of velocities/temperature, Nusselt and Bejan numbers, and entropy generation in relation to various parameters, using the Xue model of thermal conductivity for nanofluids. The comparison of different hybrid nanofluids with thermal profiles shows that the CNT-engine oil hybrid nanofluid exhibits more significant behavior near the surface compared to other hybrid nanofluids.