Journal
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
Volume 4, Issue 1, Pages 449-458Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.0c02727
Keywords
fluorescence; metal-organic nanosheets (MONs); exfoliation; nerve agents; sensing; diethyl chlorophosphate
Funding
- Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), New Delhi through J. C. Bose fellowship [SB/S2/JCB-52/2014]
- Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD, GATE)
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR, SRF)
- UGC, JRF, New Delhi
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A fluorescent 4-connecting bisimidazole-tetraacid linker was designed to access a metal-organic layered material with enhanced fluorescence in its 2D metal-organic framework nanosheets generated by solvent-assisted exfoliation. The suspension of 2D MONs serves as an efficient turn-on fluorescent material for sensing of the toxic nerve agent mimics, with a detection limit of approximately 0.52 ppm for diethyl chlorophosphate.
A fluorescent 4-connecting bisimidazole-tetraacid linker endowed with anthracene as the bulged core, that is, H(4)ANTBI, was rationally designed to access a metal-organic layered material, that is, Cd-ANTBI, with ca. 36% solvent-accesssible volume. Fluorescence is significantly suppressed in its crystalline state due to self quenching (phi(fl) ca. 5%). However, 2D metal-organic framework nanosheets (MONs) generated by solvent-assisted exfoliation of the layered material in methanol were found to exhibit enhanced fluorescence (phi(fl) ca. 20%). The formation of 2D MONs was unequivocally established by microscopic techniques such as atomic force microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy-energy-dispersive spectroscopy analyses. Indeed, the extent of exfoliation in different solvents such as methanol, ethanol, and dimethyl sulfoxide was found to correlate with solvent properties (Gutmann's donor numbers), attesting to the fact that solvents that can form hydrogen bonds with the imidazolium ions bring about exfoliation effectively. It is further shown for the first time that the suspension of 2D MONs serves as an efficient turn-on fluorescent material for sensing of the toxic nerve agent mimics; the observed detection limit for diethyl chlorophosphate is ca. 0.52 ppm.
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