Accumulation of Phyto-mediated nano-CeO2 and selenium doped CeO2 on Macrotyloma uniflorum (horse gram) seed by nano-priming to enhance seedling vigor

Herein, we designed a facile nano-bio catalyst by equipping Phyto-mediated Cerium oxide (CeO2 NPs) and Selenium doped Cerium oxide (Se-CeO2 NPs) in a simplistic green way to boost germination and vigor of horse gram seeds with probable values on accumulation. High stable nano CeO2 was prepared with aqueous seed extract of Cassia angustifolia by an optimized amount of ammonium ceric sulphate solution, temperature, pH, and reaction duration. The properties and activities of CeO2 NPs were enhanced by the addition of sodium selenite as a source of selenium dopant. The powdered samples of CeO2 and Se-CeO2 were annealed and characterized using UV-DRS, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, and HRTEM with EDAX. The screened parameters define the particle size of CeO2 and Se-CeO2 which helps to protect plant cells without impairment. The Phyto-mediated CeO2 and Se-CeO2 nanoparticles were made to invigorate in Macrotyloma uniflorum (horse gram) seeds by nano-priming treatment. The determined germination rate, root phenotype, shoot phenotype, and vigor index by nano-priming were correlated with the hydropriming method without a negative impact. The cytotoxicity of the synthesized samples was also tested in the Vero cell line using MTT assay to prove its non-toxic nature. The effect of translocation and accumulation of CeO2 and Se-CeO2 was examined by viewing the cross-sectional images of root and stem in SEM with EDAX. The result investigates with conserve nanotechnological scheme on small scale application by nanopriming proves the existence of CeO2 and Se-CeO2 in the Macrotyloma uniflorum (horse gram) seed which primes the rapid yield in seed germination and seedlings vigor. The novel stable nano-bio catalyst Se-CeO2 with high protein plant source and sodium selenite as a dopant compound to enhance the yield of horse gram seed compared to CeO2 without raising cytotoxicity.

Automated summary

In this study, a facile nano-bio catalyst was designed by combining Phyto-mediated CeO2 and Se-CeO2 nanoparticles, which effectively improved the germination rate and vigor of horse gram seeds without cytotoxicity. The stable nano-bio catalyst Se-CeO2 showed a higher yield compared to CeO2, utilizing a high protein plant source and sodium selenite as a dopant compound.