Journal
FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE-LANDMARK
Volume 22, Issue -, Pages 920-943Publisher
FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.2741/4525
Keywords
Review; Mitochondrial DNA; mtDNA; DNA Repair; Base Excision Repair; BER; Mismatch Repair; MMR; Homologous Recombination; HR; Non-homologous End Joining; NHEJ; mtDNA Degradation; Translesion Synthesis; TLS; Microhomology-mediated End Joining; MMEJ; Yeast
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Funding
- National Science Foundation [MCB0841857, MCB1243428]
- Div Of Molecular and Cellular Bioscience
- Direct For Biological Sciences [1243428] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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The accurate maintenance of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is required in order for eukaryotic cells to assemble a functional electron transport chain. This independently-maintained genome relies on nuclear-encoded proteins that are imported into the mitochondria to carry out replication and repair processes. Decades of research has made clear that mitochondria employ robust and varied mtDNA repair and damage tolerance mechanisms in order to ensure the proper maintenance of the mitochondrial genome. This review focuses on our current understanding of mtDNA repair and damage tolerance pathways including base excision repair, mismatch repair, homologous recombination, non-homologous end joining, translesion synthesis and mtDNA degradation in both yeast and mammalian systems.
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