Journal
FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 32, Issue 1, Pages 143-162Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2021.1892594
Keywords
Coronavirus infections; hyperimmune colostrum; immunomodulation; respiratory infection; SARS-Cov-2
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Bovine colostrum supplementation has shown effectiveness against infections and respiratory allergies, possibly alleviating immunosuppression. It contains various immune system modulation proteins, with lactoferrin potentially effective against SARS-CoV-2. Further clinical trials are needed to verify its safety and effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
This review aimed to gather information about the biological effects of bovine colostrum (BC) supplementation for improving the respiratory health in humans and the potential role of bioactive molecules from BC as adjunctive therapy for SARS-CoV-2 infection (Coronavirus Disease 2019 - COVID-19). Several studies have shown that BC supplementation is effective against infections and respiratory allergies, as well as in attenuating immunosuppression caused by intense exercise in high-performance athletes. The major immune system modulation proteins present in BC are immunoglobulins, lactoferrin and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta). Studies have revealed that lactoferrin is effective in combating SARS-CoV-2. Hyperimmune colostrum may constitute an alternative way to produce specific antibodies against COVID-19. Based on the immune system boosting ability as well as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiviral/antibacterial activities, we suggest that well designed, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical trials should be done to verify the safety and effectiveness of BC supplements against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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