Journal
RSC ADVANCES
Volume 11, Issue 17, Pages 10094-10109Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00082a
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Funding
- Department of Science and Technology (DST), India [EEQ/2018/000194]
- DST-INSPIRE
- UGC
- CSIR
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This study presents the development of a novel fluorescence sensor for the selective detection of Al3+ ions through coordination, while also demonstrating applications in detecting nitroaromatics and imaging human breast adenocarcinoma cells.
We report herein the development of a new pyridine-pyrazole based bis-bidentate asymmetric chemosensor that shows excellent turn-on chelation-enhanced Al3+-responsive fluorescence. The presence of two 'hard' phenolic hydroxyl groups plays a pivotal role in switching-on the sensing through coordination to the 'hard' Al3+ ion, while the mechanism can be interpreted by the chelation-enhanced fluorescence (CHEF) process. The X-ray single structure show a planar conjugated structure of the ligand, which was further stabilized by extensive H-bonding and pi-pi stacking. The photophysical studies related to the sensing behavior of the titular ligand toward aluminum was investigated in detail using various spectroscopic techniques like UV-Vis, photoluminescence, fluorescence and time-correlated single-photon count (TCSPC) and time-resolved NMR. The spectroscopic methods also confirm the selective detection of Al3+ ion in the presence of other metal ions. The theoretical calculations using Density Functional Theory (DFT) and the Time Dependent Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT) provide further insight on the mechanistic aspects of the turn-on sensing behavior including the electronic spectra of both the ligand and the complex. Interestingly, the as-synthesized H2DPC-Al complex can also be utilized as a fluorescence-based sensor for various nitroaromatics including picric acid, for which an INHIBIT logic gate can also be constructed. The as synthesized complex was subsequently used as a fluorescent probe for imaging of human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7) cells using live cell confocal microscopic techniques.
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