Journal
GREEN CHEMISTRY
Volume 23, Issue 4, Pages 1536-1561Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/d0gc04263c
Keywords
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [21706139, 21876091]
- Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Tianjin [17JCJQJC45500]
- China Scholarship Council
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This review analyzes various reaction pathways for converting agricultural waste biomass into formic acid and concludes that catalytic oxidation is the most sustainable method. This method excels in terms of yield, waste emissions, feedstock cost, and innovation potential.
Reaction pathways for conversion of agricultural waste biomass into formic acid are reviewed for established (fast pyrolysis, acid hydrolysis, wet oxidation, catalytic oxidation), and cutting-edge (photocatalysis, electrocatalysis) methods. Characteristics of each reaction pathway are analyzed and ranked with sustainability indicators (environment, economic, social) and lead to the conclusion that catalytic oxidation has the highest sustainability score for conversion of agricultural waste biomass to formic acid in terms of yield, waste emissions, feedstock cost, and innovation potential. Reaction systems for catalytic oxidation are analyzed in detail including catalysts, oxidants, solvents, catalyst recycle and product separation including large-scale aspects. Future perspectives and challenges for the efficient conversion of agricultural waste biomass into formic acid are proposed.
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