Journal
IEEE COMMUNICATIONS SURVEYS AND TUTORIALS
Volume 23, Issue 1, Pages 7-28Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/COMST.2020.3048099
Keywords
Modulation; Receivers; Molecular communication (telecommunication); Tutorials; Chemicals; Transmitters; Interference; Molecular communication; diffusion; modulation; nano devices; channel models; detection
Funding
- Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) through BIDEB-2232 Program [118C274]
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [RGPIN-2020-04926]
- NSF Center for Science of Information (CSoI) [CCF-0939370]
- Canada Foundation for Innovation John Evans Leaders Funds
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This survey paper focuses on modulation aspects of molecular communication, presenting recent advancements in modulation and demodulation schemes for molecular communication via diffusion. Different modulation types are compared, and key metrics for evaluating performance are discussed. The tutorial concludes with a discussion of key open issues and future research directions.
This survey paper focuses on modulation aspects of molecular communication, an emerging field focused on building biologically-inspired systems that embed data within chemical signals. The primary challenges in designing these systems are how to encode and modulate information onto chemical signals, and how to design a receiver that can detect and decode the information from the corrupted chemical signal observed at the destination. In this article, we focus on modulation design for molecular communication via diffusion systems. In these systems, chemical signals are transported using diffusion, possibly assisted by flow, from the transmitter to the receiver. This tutorial presents recent advancements in modulation and demodulation schemes for molecular communication via diffusion. We compare five different modulation types: concentration-based, type-based, timing-based, spatial, and higher-order modulation techniques. The end-to-end system designs for each modulation scheme are presented. In addition, the key metrics used in the literature to evaluate the performance of these techniques are also presented. Finally, we provide a numerical bit error rate comparison of prominent modulation techniques using analytical models. We close the tutorial with a discussion of key open issues and future research directions for design of molecular communication via diffusion systems.
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