Design of 3D alumina-doped magnesium oxide aerogels with a high efficiency removal of uranium(vi) from wastewater

Herein, 3D alumina-doped magnesium oxide (Al2O3/MgO) aerogels were successfully prepared by a simple lyophilization-calcination method for the uranium (U(vi)) elimination from wastewater. Various batch experiments were used to testify that Al2O3/MgO aerogels exhibited remarkable removal performance for U(vi), especially Al2O3/MgO aerogels with Al2O3/MgO molar ratios of 1 : 1 (Al/Mg-3). Results showed that Al/Mg-3 could quickly reach the adsorption equilibrium within the contact time of 100 min, while the adsorption capacity of Al/Mg-3 for U(vi) could reach as high as 1046.9 mg g(-1) at pH 6.0. The selectivity of Al/Mg-3 for U(vi) proved that Al/Mg-3 could be used to remove U(vi) from wastewater. The adsorption efficiency of Al/Mg-3 for U(vi) could still retain more than 92.5% after five cycles. Furthermore, the continuous U(vi) separation test results showed that the adsorption equilibrium time and adsorption efficiency of Al/Mg-3 could decrease to 40 min and increase to 99.7%, respectively. This work demonstrated that the remarkable U(vi) removal performance of Al/Mg-3 could make it an effective and reusable material for the adsorption of U(vi) from U(vi)-contained wastewater.

Automated summary

Alumina-doped magnesium oxide aerogels prepared by lyophilization-calcination method exhibited remarkable removal performance for U(vi), especially Al/Mg-3. Al/Mg-3 could quickly reach adsorption equilibrium and have a high adsorption capacity for U(vi). The material showed good reusability and increased adsorption efficiency in continuous separation tests.