Journal
FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 228, Issue -, Pages 533-540Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.01.112
Keywords
Phenyllactic acid; Antibacterial activity; Membrane integrity; DNA
Funding
- Natural Science Foundations of Hebei Province [C2016208142, C2015208150]
- National Natural Science Foundations of China [31401653, 31101358]
- Outstanding Youth Foundations of Hebei Province [BJ2014025]
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Phenyllactic acid (PLA), a phenolic acid phytochemical, is considered to be a promising candidate for use as a chemical preservative due to its broad antimicrobial activity. The antibacterial target of PLA has rarely been reported, thus investigations were performed to elucidate the antibacterial mechanism of PLA against Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli. Flow cytometry analysis stained with propidium iodide (PI) demonstrated that PLA could damage the membrane integrity of L. monocytogenes, while it could not disrupt that of E. coli. The uptake of 1-N-phenylnaphthylamine (NPN) indicated that PLA interrupted the outer membrane permeability of E. coli. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation visualized the damage caused by PLA as morphological changes in L. monocytogenes and E. coli. Fluorescence assays demonstrated that PLA could interact with bacterial genomic DNA in the manner of intercalation. This finding suggested dual antibacterial targets of PLA, namely membrane and genomic DNA. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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