Journal
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
Volume 9, Issue 16, Pages 10345-10353Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/d1ta01170g
Keywords
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [51672158]
- Distinguished Youth Foundation of Hubei Province [2019C FA 084]
- Educational Office of Hubei Province [Q20201201]
- 111 Project [D20015]
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The scalable spray drying approach is used to design and synthesize state-of-the-art Li3VO4/N doped C porous microspheres, which exhibit ultra-high capacity, ultra-long cycle life, and remarkable rate capability. The electrode can deliver stable cycling over 5000 cycles at a high discharge current, and the reversible capacity is completely restored after 150 cycles of rate performance testing at different discharge currents.
Li3VO4 is regarded as a promising anode material for Li-ion batteries due to its advantages of safety and low volumetric variation. However, unscalable synthesis makes the practical application of Li3VO4 challenging. Herein, state-of-the-art Li3VO4/N doped C porous microspheres comprising Li3VO4 nanoparticles encapsulated in interconnected N doped C networks (LVO/NC PMSs) are designed and synthesized via a scalable spray drying approach. Ultra-high capacity, ultra-long cycle life and prominent rate capability are achieved in the LVO/NC PMS electrode. When cycling at 0.1 A g(-1), it delivers a reversible capacity of 610 mA h g(-1) after 200 cycles. At a high constant charge current of 2.0 A g(-1), it delivers stable cycling over 5000 cycles at a high discharge current of 4.0 A g(-1), and the reversible capacity is completely restored after 150 cycles of rate performance testing with discharge current from 0.2 to 4.0 A g(-1). Moreover, Li3V2(PO4)(3) microspheres (LVP MSs) are also prepared using the scalable spray drying approach, and a new all-vanadate-based LVO//LVP full cell is designed for the first time. The full cell delivers a high energy density of 300 W h kg(-1) which is higher than that of most of the Li4Ti5O12 and LVO-based full cells, and a long lifespan (340.7 mA h g(-1) after 1000 cycles at 1.0 A g(-1)) which meets the requirements of commercialization. The scalable synthesis of LVO/NC PMSs and LVP MSs with excellent performance and the configuration of the LVO//LVP full cell with high energy density and long cycle life may pave the way for LVO for practical applications.
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