Journal
BATTERIES & SUPERCAPS
Volume 4, Issue 8, Pages 1363-1373Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/batt.202100057
Keywords
electrochemistry; electron microscopy; ion transport; nanoscale tomography; physical reconstruction
Funding
- Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF) at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (Karlsruhe, Germany) under the KNMF [2020-024-029294]
- Projekt DEAL
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By utilizing focused ion-beam scanning electron microscopy tomography, this study presents a three-phase reconstruction model of a lithium-ion battery cathode containing the carbon binder domain (CBD), representing the pore space morphology effectively. Results reveal the CBD as a convoluted network that dominates the pore space structure and limits Li+ transport through tortuous and constricted diffusion pathways.
The morphology of the electrolyte-filled pore space in lithium-ion batteries is determined by the solid microstructure formed by mu m-sized active material particles and the smaller-featured carbon binder domain (CBD). Tomographic reconstructions have largely neglected the CBD, resulting in inadequately defined pore space morphologies at odds with experimental ionic tortuosity values. We present a three-phase reconstruction of a LiCoO2 composite cathode by focused ion-beam scanning electron microscopy tomography. Morphological analysis proves that the reconstruction, which combines an unprecedented volume (20 mu m minimum edge length) with the hitherto highest resolution (13.9x13.9x20 nm(3) voxel size), represents the cathode's pore space morphology. Pore-scale diffusion simulations show consideration of the resolved CBD as indispensable to reproduce ionic tortuosity values from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Our results reveal the CBD as a convoluted network that dominates the pore space morphology and limits Li+ transport through tortuous and constricted diffusion pathways.
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