Journal
FOOD AND BIOPROCESS TECHNOLOGY
Volume 11, Issue 4, Pages 723-734Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11947-017-2041-x
Keywords
Hot air-microwave drying; Orange peel; Isotherm; Isosteric heat; Microstructure; Water retention capacity
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Funding
- Basque Government
- Spanish Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad, Programa Estatal de I+D+i orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad [AGL2016-80643-R]
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Drying is one of the most cost-effective methods of worthwhile by-product valorisation. This study had two main objectives. The first was to determine the effect of hot air drying (HAD) combined with microwave (MW) irradiation on the treatment kinetics and the macrostructural and microstructural properties of the dried product. The second aim was to develop engineering tools to predict the extent of dehydration. Drying was performed using hot air at 55 A degrees C and the combined (HAD + MW) treatment at different power intensities (2, 4, and 6 W/g). After 5, 15, 40, 60, and 120 min, the mass, surface, volume, water activity and moisture were measured in fresh and dried samples. Sorption isotherms were obtained and fitted to the GAB model, with high correlation coefficients. The macroscopic and microscopic analyses showed shrinkage and swelling in the peel tissue caused by the MW treatment. The HAD + MW methods not only resulted in increased moisture reduction but also induced microstructural changes that generated higher sorption capacity.
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