Journal
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
Volume 72, Issue 5, Pages 1606-1616Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa548
Keywords
B chromosomes; cytogenetics; flow cytometry; pollen nuclei; repeat analysis; Sorghum purpureosericeum
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Funding
- Czech Science Foundation [18-12338Y]
- European Regional Development Fund project 'Plants as a tool for sustainable global development' [CZ.02.1. 01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000827]
- Ministry of Education,Youth and Sports [LM2015047, LM2018140]
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This study extensively researched B chromosomes in Sorghum purpureosericeum using modern technologies, and developed B chromosome-specific markers for further studies. Additionally, several repetitive clusters were found to hybridize exclusively on the B chromosome under fluorescence in situ hybridization, serving as robust cytogenetic markers.
More than a century has passed since the B chromosomes were first discovered. Today we know much of their variability, morphology, and transmission to plant progeny. With the advent of modern technologies, B chromosome research has accelerated, and some of their persistent mysteries have since been uncovered. Building on this momentum, here we extend current knowledge of B chromosomes in Sorghum purpureosericeum to the sequence level. To do this, we estimated the B chromosome size at 421 Mb, sequenced DNA from flow-sorted haploid pollen nuclei of both B-positive (B+) and B-negative (B0) plants, and performed a repeat analysis on the Illumina raw sequence data. This analysis revealed nine putative B-specific clusters, which were then used to develop B chromosome-specific markers. Additionally, cluster SpuCL4 was identified and verified to be a centromeric repeat. We also uncovered two repetitive clusters (SpuCL168 and SpuCL115), which hybridized exclusively on the B chromosome under fluorescence in situ hybridization and can be considered as robust cytogenetic markers. Given that B chromosomes in Sorghum are rather unstable across all tissues, our findings could facilitate expedient identification of B+ plants and enable a wide range of studies to track this chromosome type in situ.
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