A review article on factors affecting bone loss in dental implants

The dental implant success depends on various factors but one of the essential factors is the complete osseointegration between the bone and the implant. Incomplete or weak osseointegration may cause the implant to be mobile (micro-mobility) due to peri-implant bone loss or it may get lost. A periimplant bone loss of greater than 1 mm in the first year and greater than 0.2 mm a year after is a failure of the dental implant. The main aim of this article is to review the various factors which predominantly affect bone loss in dental implants followed by the extent to which they contribute towards success rate of implantation. These factors have been experimentally proven to affect the rate of osseointegration and the stress distribution at the bone-implant interface. Based on available literature, it was found that the following factors were mainly responsible for bone loss: Mechanical overloading, implant- abutment connection design, implant geometry, implant position, bone density, surface finish material of the implant, and micro gap. Since bone loss is the result of various combinations of factors further research utilizing proper control of factors is necessary to draw more clear conclusions. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the International Conference on Advanced Materials Behavior and Characterization.

Automated summary

The success of dental implants relies heavily on the complete osseointegration between the bone and the implant, with factors like mechanical overloading, implant design, and bone density affecting the process. Further research controlling these factors is needed to draw clearer conclusions on implant success rates.