Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF THE MEDICAL SCIENCES
Volume 361, Issue 4, Pages 411-419Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
Keywords
Aspergillosis; Pulmonary fungal infections; Invasive aspergillosis; Allergic aspergillosis; Chronic aspergillosis
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Aspergillus species are commonly found in the environment and can cause various lung diseases when inhaled. Clinical syndromes of pulmonary Aspergillosis depend on the interaction between Aspergillus and the host's immune status and prior lung conditions.
Aspergillus species are ubiquitous in the environment. Aspergillosis is acquired by inhalation of Aspergillus spores. In normal hosts, spore inhalation rarely causes lung disease. Pulmonary Aspergillosis covers a wide spectrum of clinical syndromes depending on the interaction between Aspergillus and the host (immune-status, prior bronchopulmonary disease). It runs the gamut from invasive Aspergillosis to Aspergillus bronchitis. Invasive Aspergillosis usually occurs in severely immunocompromised patients, typically in neutropenic but also in non-neutropenic patients. Chronic pulmonary Aspergillosis affects patients with chronic structural lung disease such as COPD or previous mycobacterial lung disease, but without other significant immunocompromise. Aspergillus bronchitis affects patients with bronchial disease such as bronchiectasis. Allergic bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis affects patients with bronchial asthma or cystic fibrosis, and is due to an allergic response to Aspergillus.
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