Journal
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 65, Issue -, Pages 42-51Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.03.037
Keywords
Acute phase protein; C-reactive protein; Serum amyloid-P; Atlantic salmon; Innate immunity; Gene expression
Funding
- British Society of Animal Science
- BBSRC Research Experience Placements
- Immune control of energy reallocation in fish
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The acute phase response (APR) is an early innate immune function that is initiated by inflammatory signals, leading to the release of acute phase proteins to the bloodstream to re-establish homeostasis following microbial infection. In this study we analysed the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) whole-genome database and identified five C-reactive protein (lRP)/serum amyloid P component (SAP) like molecules namely CRP/SAP-la, CRP/SAP-Ib, CRP/SAP-lc, CRP/SAP-2 and CRP/SAP-3. These CRP/SAP genes formed two distinct sub-families, a universal group (group I) present in all vertebrates and a fish/amphibian specific group (group II). Salmon CRP/SAP-la, CRP/SAP-lb and CRP/SAP-lc and CRP/SAP-2 belong to the group I family whilst salmon CRP/SAP-3 is a member of group II. Gene expression analysis showed that the salmon CRP/SAP-1a as well as serum amyloid A-5 (SAA-5), one of the major acute phase proteins, were significantly up-regulated by recombinant cytokines (rIL-1 beta and rIEN gamma) in primary head kidney cells whilst the other four CRP/SAPs remained refractory. Furthermore, SAA-5 was produced as the main acute phase protein (APP) in Atlantic salmon challenged with Aeromonas salmonicida (aroA(-) strain) whilst salmon CRP/SAPs remained unaltered. Overall, these data illustrate the potential different functions of expanded salmon CRP/SAPS to their mammalian homologues. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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