A reaction-coordinate perspective of magnetic relaxation

Understanding and utilizing the dynamic quantum properties of metal ions is the frontier of many next generation technologies. One property in particular, magnetic relaxation, is a complicated physical phenomenon that is scarcely treated in undergraduate coursework. Consequently, principles of magnetic relaxation are nearly impenetrable to starting synthetic chemists, who ultimately design the molecules that fuel new discoveries. In this Tutorial Review, we describe a new paradigm for thinking of magnetic relaxation in metal complexes in terms of a simple reaction-coordinate diagram to facilitate access to the field. We cover the main mechanisms of both spin-lattice (T-1) and spin-spin (T-2) relaxation times within this conceptual framework and how molecular and environmental design affects these times. Ultimately, we show that many of the scientific methods used by inorganic chemists to study and manipulate reactivity are also useful for understanding and controlling magnetic relaxation. We also describe the cutting edge of magnetic relaxation within this paradigm.

Automated summary

Understanding and utilizing the dynamic quantum properties of metal ions is crucial for next generation technologies, with magnetic relaxation being a key physical phenomenon that is often overlooked in undergraduate coursework. By introducing a new paradigm and utilizing reaction-coordinate diagrams, researchers can better understand the mechanisms of magnetic relaxation in metal complexes and how design choices impact relaxation times. This review highlights how principles from inorganic chemistry can also be applied to the study and manipulation of magnetic relaxation, pushing the boundaries of this field.