Journal
THERANOSTICS
Volume 11, Issue 14, Pages 6818-6832Publisher
IVYSPRING INT PUBL
DOI: 10.7150/thno.58421
Keywords
spheroid; tissue engineering; spheroid application; scaffold-free; scaffolded
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Funding
- National Research Foundation of Korea - ministry of Education, Science, and Technology (MEST) [NRF2018R1A2B2005263]
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Science and ICT [NRF-2018M3C1B7021997]
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Spheroids are complex cellular aggregates that mimic real-world environments and are important in tissue engineering for replacing two-dimensional cell cultures. With or without scaffolds, spheroids can replicate tissue physiological activities and the complex geometry of three-dimensional tissues.
A spheroid is a complex, spherical cellular aggregate supporting cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions in an environment that mimics the real-world situation. In terms of tissue engineering, spheroids are important building blocks that replace two-dimensional cell cultures. Spheroids replicate tissue physiological activities. The use of spheroids with/without scaffolds yields structures that engage in desired activities and replicate the complicated geometry of three-dimensional tissues. In this mini-review, we describe conventional and novel methods by which scaffold-free and scaffolded spheroids may be fabricated and discuss their applications in tissue regeneration and future perspectives.
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