Journal
CONTACT DERMATITIS
Volume 73, Issue 1, Pages 15-20Publisher
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1111/cod.12400
Keywords
allergic contact dermatitis; black rubber mix; clinical relevance; contact allergy; Disperse Blue 35; Disperse Blue 106; Disperse Blue 124; disperse dyes; Disperse Orange 1; Disperse Orange 3; Disperse Red 1; Disperse Red 17; Disperse Yellow 3; patch testing; p-phenylenediamine; simultaneous reactivity
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Funding
- Swedish Asthma and Allergy Association's Research Foundation
- Fyrbodal Research Institute
- Research and Development Council of Fyrbodal
- County of Vastra Gotaland
- Edvard Welander Foundation
- Finsen Foundation
- Skane County Council Research and Development Foundation
- Donations for Research at Skane University Hospital
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Background. Disperse dyes are common sensitizers, but are not currently included in the European baseline series. Objectives. To justify the inclusion of a textile dye mix in the European baseline patch test series. Methods. A survey of the reported frequencies of contact allergy to textile dyes and textile dye mixes was performed by searching PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.gov.ludwig.lub.lu.se/pubmed, last accessed 14 December 2014). The results from a multicentre study performed within the European Environmental Contact Dermatitis Research Group (EECDRG) and published in 2014 formed the final basis for the recommendation. Results. The EECDRG study performed in Europe and the United States showed that 2.1-6.9% of consecutively tested dermatitis patients reacted to a 6.6% wt/wt textile dye mix consisting of eight disperse dyes. The clinical relevance was ascertained in > 30% of the positive cases. A high frequency of simultaneous sensitivity to Disperse Orange 3 (DO 3) and p-phenylenediamine (PPD) was seen. Active sensitization to the mix was not noted. Conclusions. It is recommended to include a 6.6% textile dye mix consisting of eight disperse dyes in the European baseline series, even though one component, DO 3, may be superfluous, owing to its frequent cross-reactivity with PPD. Removal of DO 3 from the mix would need further study.
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