Gender Differences in Emotional Dysregulation and Deliberate Self-harm in Patients With Tramadol Dependence

Objectives: Gender differences in substance dependence across many domains including emotional dysregulation and deliberate self-harm (DSH) has not been studied widely. Tramadol dependence is the most one lacking empirical research and evidence regarding these differences; therefore, our aim is to detect gender differences in patients with tramadol dependence as regards emotional dysregulation and DSH. Materials and Methods: The study included 30 male and 30 female patients with tramadol dependence [diagnosis was made by Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders (SCID-I)]. Assessment of emotional dysregulation and DSH was done by the Difficulties in Emotion Dysregulation Scale, the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory-Short Version. Results: Female patients are higher in emotional dysregulation and induce DSH more evidently than male patients with tramadol dependence. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between overall emotional dysregulation and overall DSH in both groups. Conclusion: The results will be useful in clinical practice for the management of patients with tramadol dependence.

Automated summary

This study found that female patients with tramadol dependence are more likely to experience emotional dysregulation and deliberate self-harm compared to male patients. Additionally, there was a significant positive correlation between overall emotional dysregulation and overall DSH in both groups of patients.