Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW B
Volume 103, Issue 21, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.103.214502
Keywords
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Funding
- Laboratory for Physical Sciences (LPS)
- subsidy for Top Consortia for Knowledge and Innovation (TKl toeslag) by the Dutch Ministry of Economic
- Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO/OCW) through VIDI Grant [680-47-537]
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This study systematically investigates the characteristics of zero-bias conductance peaks for different mechanisms, including topological Majorana bound states, trivial quasi-Majorana bound states, and low-energy Andreev bound states. The research finds that the zero-bias peak values for Majoranas and quasi-Majoranas do not exceed 2e(2)/h, forming a quantized conductance plateau, while peak values for low-energy Andreev bound states or disorder-induced bound states may exceed 2e(2)/h, with a conductance plateau rarely observed without careful selection and tuning.
Majorana zero modes can appear at the wire ends of a one-dimensional topological superconductor and manifest themselves as a quantized zero-bias conductance peak in the tunneling spectroscopy of normal-superconductor junctions. However, in superconductor-semiconductor hybrid nanowires, zero-bias conductance peaks may arise owing to topologically trivial mechanisms as well, mimicking the Majorana-induced topological peak in many aspects. In this work, we systematically investigate the characteristics of zero-bias conductance peaks for topological Majorana bound states, trivial quasi-Majorana bound states and low-energy Andreev bound states arising from smooth potential variations and disorder-induced subgap bound states. Our focus is on the conductance peak value (i.e., equal to, greater than, or less than 2e(2)/h), as well as the robustness (plateau- or spike-like) against the tuning parameters (e.g., the magnetic field and tunneling gate voltage) for zero-bias peaks arising from the different mechanisms. We find that for Majoranas and quasi-Majoranas, the zero-bias peak values are no more than 2e(2)/h, and a quantized conductance plateau forms generically as a function of parameters. By contrast, for conductance peaks due to low-energy Andreev bound states or disorder-induced bound states, the peak values may exceed 2e(2)/h, and a conductance plateau is rarely observed unless through careful postselection and fine-tuning. Our findings should shed light on the interpretation of experimental measurements on the tunneling spectroscopy of normal-superconductor junctions of hybrid Majorana nanowires.
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