Optical coherence tomography angiography findings in patients with ocular and non-ocular Behcet disease

Purposes: To evaluate the optical coherence tomography angiography findings in patients with Behcet disease with and without ocular involvement. Methods: A total of 40 patients with Behcet disease and 30 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Retinal vessel density in the superficial capillary plexus and deep capillary plexus, foveal avascular zone area and perimeter, acirculatory index, foveal density, and nonflow area in the superficial retina were automatically measured using the optical coherence tomography angiography software AngioVue and compared between the groups. Results: The mean parafoveal and perifoveal vessel densities in the superficial capillary plexus and deep capillary plexus and foveal density were significantly lower in the eyes with Behcet uveitis compared to the eyes without Behcet uveitis and eyes of the healthy controls. In the eyes with Behcet uveitis, logMAR visual acuity showed a moderate correlation with parafoveal and perifoveal vessel densities and foveal density (r=-0.43, p=0.006; r=-0.62, p<0.001; r=-0.42, p=0.008; respectively). Conclusion: Behcet disease with posterior uveitis was associated with significant perifoveal and parafoveal vascular decrements in the superficial and deep retina.

Automated summary

The study evaluated optical coherence tomography angiography findings in patients with Behcet disease with and without ocular involvement. It found that Behcet disease with posterior uveitis was associated with significant vascular decrements in the superficial and deep retina, showing moderate correlation with visual acuity.