Journal
MABS
Volume 13, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2021.1932230
Keywords
Clearance; mAb; monoclonal antibody; pharmacokinetics; biophysical properties; clinical pharmacokinetics
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Understanding the pharmacokinetic properties of drugs is crucial for evaluating efficacy. The complexity of therapeutic antibody PK is influenced by various factors, including interactions with targets and antibody intrinsic factors. Studies have shown a link between biophysical properties of antibodies and rapid clearance, highlighting the importance of early selection and optimization of antibodies for desirable pharmacokinetic profiles.
Understanding the pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of a drug, such as clearance, is a crucial step for evaluating efficacy. The PK of therapeutic antibodies can be complex and is influenced by interactions with the target, Fc-receptors, anti-drug antibodies, and antibody intrinsic factors. A growing body of literature has linked biophysical properties of antibodies, particularly nonspecific-binding propensity, hydrophobicity and charged regions to rapid clearance in preclinical species and selected human PK studies. A clear understanding of the connection between biophysical properties and their impact on PK would allow for early selection and optimization of antibodies and reduce costly attrition during clinical trials due to sub-optimal human clearance. Due to the difficulty in obtaining large and unbiased human PK data, previous studies have focused mostly on preclinical PK. For this study, we obtained and curated the most comprehensive clinical PK dataset to date and calculated accurate estimates of linear clearance for 64 monoclonal antibodies ranging from investigational candidates in Phase 2 trials to marketed products. This allows for the first time a deep analysis of the influence of biophysical and sequence-based in silico properties directly on human clearance. We use statistical analysis and a Random Forest classifier to identify properties that have the greatest influence in our dataset. Our findings indicate that in vitro poly-specificity assay and in silico estimated isoelectric point can discriminate fast and slow clearing antibodies, extending previous observations on preclinical clearance. This provides a simple yet powerful approach to select antibodies with desirable PK during early-stage screening.
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