4.4 Review

Applications of magnetic particle imaging in the dementias

Journal

CURRENT OPINION IN PSYCHIATRY
Volume 34, Issue 2, Pages 186-192

Publisher

LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000668

Keywords

Alzheimer's disease; amyloid; blood-brain barrier; magnetic particle imaging; neuroimaging

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Funding

  1. Yulgibar/Dementia Australia

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Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) is a promising tracer method with high sensitivity and spatial resolution for detecting specific targets and quantifying vascular parameters. Its applications in dementia research, such as detecting abnormal protein deposits and monitoring neural stem cell migration, show great potential for advancement in neurocognitive disorders.
Purpose of review This review discusses recent developments in the application of magnetic particle imaging (MPI) to dementia research. Recent findings MPI is a tracer method that is currently in the preclinical development stage. It provides high sensitivity for the detection and localization of magnetic nanoparticles with very high spatial and temporal resolution and a similar application spectrum as PET. Unlike MRI, the MPI signal is not contaminated by background signal from tissues and is highly quantifiable in terms of local tracer concentrations. These properties make the technology ideally suited for localization of specific targets or quantification of vascular parameters. MPI uses magnetic nanoparticles which can be modified by various coatings, and by adding ligands (i.e. peptides or antibodies) for specific targeting. This makes MPI an attractive tool for the potential detection of abnormal protein deposits, such as A beta plaques, with greater specificity than MRI. Neural stem cells can also be labelled with these nanoparticles ex vivo to monitor their migration in vivo. The capabilities of MPI opens the potential for several applications of MPI in neurocognitive disorders, including vascular imaging, detection of amyloid plaques and potentially other pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease and stem-cell tracking.

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