Journal
NON-CODING RNA
Volume 7, Issue 2, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ncrna7020031
Keywords
epitranscriptomics; non-coding RNA; RNA modifications
Funding
- American Heart Association Career Development Award [18CDA34110277]
- Ohio State University
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Most of the mammalian genome is transcribed as RNA, with majority being non-protein-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that have diverse functions. Due to lack of sequence homologies among ncRNA species, it is challenging to infer their functions by examining sequence patterns. Increasing evidence suggests that various enzymes modify ncRNAs, leading to the emergence of a new field called epitranscriptomics.
It is now commonly accepted that most of the mammalian genome is transcribed as RNA, yet less than 2% of such RNA encode for proteins. A majority of transcribed RNA exists as non-protein-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with various functions. Because of the lack of sequence homologies among most ncRNAs species, it is difficult to infer the potential functions of ncRNAs by examining sequence patterns, such as catalytic domains, as in the case of proteins. Added to the existing complexity of predicting the functions of the ever-growing number of ncRNAs, increasing evidence suggests that various enzymes modify ncRNAs (e.g., ADARs, METTL3, and METTL14), which has opened up a new field of study called epitranscriptomics. Here, we examine the current status of ncRNA research from the perspective of epitranscriptomics.
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