Casimir-Polder shift of ground-state hyperfine Zeeman sublevels of hydrogen isotopes in a micron-sized metallic cavity at finite temperature

The frequencies of transitions between hyperfine levels of ground-state atoms can be measured with exquisite precision using magnetic-resonance techniques. This makes hyperfine transitions ideal probes of QED effects originating from the interaction of atoms with the quantized electromagnetic field. One of the most remarkable effects predicted by QED is the Casimir-Polder shift experienced by the energy levels of atoms placed near one or more dielectric objects. Here we compute the Casimir-Polder shift and the width of hyperfine transitions between ground-state Zeeman sublevels of a hydrogen atom placed in a micron-sized metallic cavity, over a range of temperatures extending from cryogenic temperatures to room temperature. Results are presented also for deuterium and tritium. We predict shifts of the hyperfine transitions frequencies of a few tens of Hz that might be measurable with present-day magnetic resonance apparatus.

Automated summary

This study measured the transition frequencies between hyperfine levels of ground-state atoms using magnetic-resonance techniques, exploring QED effects and Casimir-Polder shifts. Calculations were conducted for hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium atoms in a metallic cavity, predicting frequency shifts that could be measurable with current magnetic resonance apparatus.