Electrolyte Chemistry Towards Improved Cycling Stability in Na-Based Dual-Ion Batteries with High-Power/Energy Storage

Dual-ion batteries (DIBs) have attracted great research interests owing to the co-utilization of cation and anion as charge carriers. Unlike the low energy density (E-den) of supercapacitors and halogen-ion batteries also with anion working, graphite-cathode-based DIBs exhibit obviously higher E-den with high working voltage. However, general electrolytes cannot satisfy the high-energy demand for Na-based DIBs with high power density. Herein, we design an effective electrolyte with optimized performance to limit the occurrence of side reactions during cycling, improving the cycling stability and E-den of Na-based DIBs. Such electrolyte-modified Na-DIBs exhibit higher discharge plateau and specific capacity compared to the pristine batteries, contribute preeminent E-den of 370.4 Wh/kg at a high-power density of 8888.4 W/kg (2.0 A/g), and deliver higher capacity retention of 72 % after 1000 cycles under 40 degrees C (1.0 A/g). All of these improvements are attributed to the interphase protection of anode/cathode by modified electrolyte, and the increase of diffusion ability under high potential. This strategy not only provides reference significance for enhancing the performance of DIBs, but also promotes the development of DIBs with high-power/energy and long-term cycle working condition.

Automated summary

Effective electrolyte design contributes to improved cycling stability, energy density, and overall performance of sodium-based DIBs, demonstrating the potential for high-power/energy applications and prolonged cycle life.