Journal
CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES
Volume 3, Issue 2, Pages 503-518Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/cleantechnol3020030
Keywords
solar-powered electric vehicle parking lots; different PV technologies; PLO's profit; uncertainties
Categories
Funding
- SolarX research project
- Business Finland [6844/31/2018]
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This study aims to maximize the operational profit of parking lot operators under the time of use energy pricing scheme by investigating the effects of different PV panel technologies on energy production, finding the best strategy for optimal operation in Helsinki, with significant differences in daylight times.
The performance of electric vehicles and their abilities to reduce fossil fuel consumption and air pollution on one hand and the use of photovoltaic (PV) panels in energy production, on the other hand, has encouraged parking lot operators (PLO) to participate in the energy market to gain more profit. However, there are several challenges such as different technologies of photovoltaic panels that make the problem complex in terms of installation cost, efficiency, available output power and dependency on environmental temperature. Therefore, the aim of this study is to maximize the PLO's operational profit under the time of use energy pricing scheme by investigating the effects of different PV panel technologies on energy production and finding the best strategy for optimal operation of PVs and electric vehicle (EV) parking lots which is achieved by means of market and EV owners' interaction. For the accurate investigation, four different PV panel technologies are considered in different seasons, with significant differences in daylight times, in Helsinki, Finland.
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