4.6 Article

Gestational and Postpartum Weight Trajectories Among Women With and Without Asthma

Journal

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
Volume 190, Issue 5, Pages 744-754

Publisher

OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwaa248

Keywords

asthma; body mass index; exercise-induced asthma; gestational weight gain; obesity; postpartum period; postpartum weight retention; pregnancy

Funding

  1. National Institutes of Health's Intramural Research Program at the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [HHSN275201300013C, HHSN275201300014C, HHSN275201300026I, HHSN27500001, HHSN275000017]

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Research shows that women with asthma experience greater weight gain and retention during pregnancy and postpartum compared to women without asthma. Factors such as exercise-induced asthma and certain types of asthma medications are associated with excess gestational weight gain among women with asthma.
Asthma leads to increased weight gain in nonpregnant populations, but studies have not examined this association within the context of pregnancy. The association between asthma and perinatal weight trajectories was examined in the Breathe-Wellbeing, Environment, Lifestyle, and Lung Function Study (2015-2019). Multilevel linear spline models were adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, income, marital status, education, cigarette smoking, parity, study site, and prepregnancy body mass index were used to examine differences in perinatal weight trajectories between women with (n = 299) and without (n = 101) asthma. Secondary analyses were conducted to assess whether associations differed by asthma phenotypes. At 40 weeks' gestation, women with asthma gained 16.2 kg (95% confidence interval (CD: 14.6, 17.7) and women without asthma gained 13.1 kg (95% CI: 10.9, 15.4). At 3 months postpartum, women with asthma retained 10.4 kg (95% CI: 8.9, 11.9) and women without asthma retained 8.0 kg (95% CI: 5.9, 10.2). Among women with asthma, exercise-induced asthma and step 3 asthma medications were associated with excess gestational weight gain. These study findings suggest women with asthma gain and retain more weight during pregnancy and postpartum than do women without asthma.

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