Journal
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
Volume 9, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2021.105359
Keywords
Green synthesis; Silver/silver chloride nanoparticles (Ag/AgCl NPs); Chara vulgaris algae; Antibacterial activity
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This study presents a green synthesis pathway for Ag/AgCl nanoparticles derived from freshwater algae, confirming the structure and properties of the synthesized product and evaluating its antibacterial activity. The results suggest that combining Ag/AgCl nanoparticles with antibiotics may produce a synergistic antimicrobial effect, potentially inhibiting the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
Here, we present a pathway for the green synthesis of Ag/AgCl nanoparticles derived from freshwater Chara vulgaris algae. The formation of Ag/AgCl NPs is confirmed by XRD, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and SEM techniques. The volume with an aqueous extract of Chara vulgaris: AgNO3 ratio 3:1 possessed optimal synthesised Ag/AgCl NPs. A plasmon absorbance peak, at 395 nm was observed in the UV-vis spectrum. XRD patterns confirmed the highly crystalline FCC structure of Ag/AgCl NPs. SEM imaging of Ag/AgCl NPs indicated nanoparticles of size 16.99 +/- 0.3 nm. The antibacterial activity of Ag/AgCl NPs was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia cob, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Combining Ag/AgCl NPs with antibiotics causes growth inhibition of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) is used to evaluate the synergistic antimicrobial effect of combining nanoparticles with antibiotics. The combinations of Ag/AgCl NPs with Gentamicin, Erythromycin and Vancomycin show a partial synergistic activity against E. cob, K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa, respectively. The combination of Ag/AgCl NPs with antibiotics could potentially prohibit the development of resistant bacteria against antibiotics.
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