4.5 Article

Modeling of the entire processes of diesel spray tip penetration including the start- and end-of-injection transients

Journal

JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
Volume 98, Issue -, Pages 271-281

Publisher

ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2021.07.007

Keywords

Diesel spray; Spray tip penetration; Start-of-injection; End-of-injection; Models

Categories

Funding

  1. Major International (Regional) Joint Research Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China [52020105009]

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The study investigates the influence of the start and end injection transients on spray behavior and establishes a theoretical model for the entire spray tip penetration development process, validated through experiments. Four key time points and five stages in the spray development process are analyzed.
The start-of-injection (SOI) and end-of-injection (EOI) transients are important for sprays with multiple-injection strategy. Owing to the change of needle position and sac pressure, the spray behaviors in the transient processes are significantly different from those in the quasi-steady stage. In this study, considering the sac pressurization processes during the SOI transients and effects of entrainment wave after the EOI, a theoretical zerodimensional model for the entire development processes of the spray tip penetration (Stip) is summarized. Then, a high-speed CMOS camera and constant-volume chamber are employed to study the spray characteristics and verify the model. The model and experimental results clarify four key time points in the entire development processes of Stip: the sac pressurization time (tp), breakup time (tb), injection duration (ti) and two injection durations (2ti). Five stages can be divided according to these four time points: the acceleration stage (Stip proportion to t1.5), transition stage 1 (t1 or t0.75), quasi-steady stage (t0.5), transition stage 2 (t0.5) and decelerating stage ((t-ti) 0.25). Moreover, the newly developed model is compared with the Wakuri model, the Hiroyasu & Arai model, and the Naber & Siebers model. The results show that all the models can well predict Stip during the quasisteady stage and transition stage 2 with the optimized model constants. While the other models overpredict Stip in the acceleration and decelerating stages, the newly developed model still works very well.

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