Genotype-phenotype associations of polymorphisms within the gene locus of NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 in Swiss inflammatory bowel disease patients

BackgroundGenetic variations within the regulatory region of the gene encoding NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) have been associated with Crohn's Disease (CD). NLRP3 is part of the NLRP3-inflammasome that mediates the maturation of IL-1 beta and IL-18. Carrying the major allele of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs10733113, rs4353135 and rs55646866 is associated with an increased risk for CD. We here studied the impact of these polymorphisms on clinical characteristics in patients of the Swiss IBD Cohort Study (SIBDCS). MethodsWe included 981 Crohn's disease (CD) patients and 690 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients of the SIBDCS. We analyzed whether three CD-associated NLRP3 polymorphisms have an impact on the clinical disease course in these patients. ResultsIn CD patients presence of the major allele (G) of rs10733113 was associated with less surgeries and lower maximal CDAI and a similar trend was observed for rs55646866 and rs4353135. Presence of the major allele of all three SNPs was negatively correlated to maximal CDAI. In UC patients homozygous genotype for the major allele (CC) for rs55646866 was associated with a higher age at diagnosis and a higher MTWAI index. Homozygous genotype for the major allele of all three polymorphisms was associated with a higher number of ambulatory visits and longer hospital stays.ConclusionsIn CD patients presence of the major allele of all three polymorphisms was associated with markers of a less severe disease course, while in UC the homozygous genotype for all major alleles suggested a more severe disease activity.

Automated summary

The study found that in Crohn's disease patients, carrying the major alleles of NLRP3 polymorphisms was associated with a less severe disease course, while in ulcerative colitis patients, homozygous genotype for the major alleles of these polymorphisms may indicate a more severe disease activity.