Journal
COMPUTATIONAL AND STRUCTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
Volume 19, Issue -, Pages 1786-+Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.03.029
Keywords
Solute binding protein; Chemoreceptor; Sensor kinase; Indirect binding; Bacterial signal transduction; Sensing
Funding
- FEDER funds
- Fondo Social Europeo through CSIC [PIE-202040I003]
- Spanish Ministry for Science, Innovation and Universities [PID2019-103972GA-I00]
- Junta de Andalucia [P18-FR-1621]
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [BIO2016-76779-P]
- Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities
- State Research Agency
- European Regional Development Fund [RTI2018-094393-BC21-MCIU/AEI/FEDER]
- Seneca Foundation CARM [20786/PI/18]
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Solute binding proteins (SBPs) in prokaryotes are located in the extracytosolic space and can stimulate various signaling proteins to elicit a wide range of responses. Despite being relatively few, evidence suggests that SBP-mediated receptor activation is a widespread mechanism.
The solute binding proteins (SBPs) of prokaryotes are present in the extracytosolic space. Although their primary function is providing substrates to transporters, SBPs also stimulate different signaling proteins, including chemoreceptors, sensor kinases, diguanylate cyclases/phosphodiesterases and Ser/Thr kinases, thereby causing a wide range of responses. While relatively few such systems have been identified, several pieces of evidence suggest that SBP-mediated receptor activation is a widespread mechanism. (1) These systems have been identified in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and archaea. (2) There is a structural diversity in the receptor domains that bind SBPs. (3) SBPs belonging to thirteen different families interact with receptor ligand binding domains (LBDs). (4) For the two most abundant receptor LBD families, dCache and four-helix-bundle, there are different modes of interaction with SBPs. (5) SBP-stimulated receptors carry out many different functions. The advantage of SBP-mediated receptor stimulation is attributed to a strict control of SBP levels, which allows a precise adjustment of the system's sensitivity. We have compiled information on the effect of ligands on the transcript/protein levels of their cognate SBPs. In 87 % of the cases analysed, ligands altered SBP expression levels. The nature of the regulatory effect depended on the ligand family. Whereas inorganic ligands typically downregulate SBP expression, an upregulation was observed in response to most sugars and organic acids. A major unknown is the role that SBPs play in signaling and in receptor stimulation. This review attempts to summarize what is known and to present new information to narrow this gap in knowledge. (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Research Network of Computational and Structural Biotechnology.
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