Modeling and testing the equation of state for (Early) dark energy

A general equation of state is considered for analyzing the possible behaviors for (Early) dark energy that alleviates the Hubble parameter tension problem. By departing from the possible evolution for the (Early) dark energy density and the corresponding dynamical equations, the equation of state is obtained, which allow us to analyze qualitatively the cosmological evolution and the dominance of each term in the equation of state along the cosmic expansion, which show some interesting consequences as the occurrence of (past) future singularities. Then, by considering two general models, their free parameters are fit with different sources of data, showing the goodness of the fits in comparison to more standard models. Results might be considered as a promising starting point to get a better understanding of the cosmological evolution as a whole. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

This study examines the behavior of dark energy using a general equation of state to address the Hubble parameter tension problem. By analyzing the cosmological evolution and dominance of each term in the equation, interesting consequences such as future singularities are revealed. Fits of free parameters in two general models demonstrate their effectiveness compared to standard models, offering promising insights into understanding the overall cosmological evolution.