Journal
ONCOTARGETS AND THERAPY
Volume 14, Issue -, Pages 4621-4633Publisher
DOVE MEDICAL PRESS LTD
DOI: 10.2147/OTT.S327722
Keywords
NUTM1; NUT midline carcinoma; FISH; next-generation sequencing; gene rearrangement
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Funding
- Liaoning Technology Research Fund for Social Development and Industrialization [2017225010]
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Nuclear protein in testis (NUT) carcinoma (NC) is a rare malignant tumor with NUTM1 gene rearrangement as a common cause. Accurate diagnosis relies on techniques like immunohistochemistry (IHC), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), or next-generation sequencing (NGS). This study presented a case of NC in an 18-year-old male, highlighting the challenges and complexities in diagnosing this disease.
Nuclear protein in testis (NUT) carcinoma (NC) is a poorly differentiated malignant tumor with a poor prognosis, which is caused by the NUTM1 gene rearrangement. Positive staining of NUT using immunohistochemistry (IHC) or gene rearrangement of NUTM1 revealed by genetic analysis, such as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) or next-generation sequencing (NGS), are important strategies used for accurate diagnosis. In the current study, we present a case of NC in an 18-year-old man who had a chief complaint of nasal congestion, nasal bleeding, and anosmia. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a mass in the nasal cavity and nasal septum. The initial pathological diagnosis was basaloid squamous cell carcinoma. Based on the tumor location and abrupt keratinization, further genetic tests were performed, and NC was diagnosed using FISH, which was further verified by IHC. However, neither DNA-based NGS nor RNA-based NGS revealed the NUTM1 gene rearrangement. Using this case as a basis, we have reviewed the related literature, compared the common diagnostic methods of NC, and discussed the advantages and limitations of current tools employed for molecular analysis of the gene fusion.
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