Journal
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
Volume 24, Issue 11, Pages 1375-1383Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/ene.13398
Keywords
constipation; irritable bowel syndrome; microbiota; non-motor symptoms; Parkinson's disease
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Funding
- Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research
- Finnish Parkinson Foundation
- Finnish Medical Foundation
- Helsinki University Central Hospital [T1010NL101]
- Hyvinkaa Hospital [M6095PEV12]
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Background and purposeThe majority of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients suffer from gastrointestinal symptoms of which constipation is considered the most prominent. Recently, in addition to constipation, a diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) was also found to be associated with increased PD risk. Gut microbiota alterations have been reported in IBS and recently also in PD. IBS-like bowel symptoms in PD and their possible connection to other non-motor symptoms and faecal microbiota were assessed. MethodsThis case-control study compared 74 PD patients with 75 controls without any signs of parkinsonism or potential premotor symptoms. IBS-like symptoms were assessed using the Rome III questionnaire. The non-motor symptoms were assessed using the Non-Motor Symptoms Questionnaire and Non-Motor Symptom Scale. Faecal microbiota were assessed by pyrosequencing of the V1-V3 regions of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene. ResultsSymptoms that were IBS-like were significantly more prevalent in PD patients than in controls (24.3% vs. 5.3%; P=0.001). Criteria for functional constipation were met by 12.2% of PD patients and 6.7% of controls (P=0.072).PD patients with IBS-like symptoms had more non-motor symptoms and a lower faecal abundance of Prevotella bacteria than those without IBS-like symptoms. ConclusionOur results indicate that PD patients may suffer from colonic dysfunction beyond pure constipation. Therefore, a more comprehensive assessment of bowel symptoms could provide valuable information. The lower abundance of Prevotella bacteria in PD patients with IBS-like symptoms suggests that the microbiota-gut-brain axis may be implicated in the gastrointestinal dysfunction of PD patients.
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