Macromolecular materials based on the application of the Diels-Alder reaction to natural polymers and plant oils

The furan-maleimide thermally reversible Diels-Alder reaction applied to the elaboration of novel macromolecular materials from renewable resources (see image of polymerization and depolymerization) is reviewed on the basis of our investigations, which cover predominantly the field to this date. Different approaches are outlined, depending on the substrate and the results discussed in terms of the properties and potential applications of the ensuing linear, branched, and crosslinked polymers, with particular emphasis on their recyclability. These chemical modifications concern triglycerides and macromonomers derived from them, polysaccharides such as cellulose fibers and nanofibers, starch and chitosan, as well as natural rubber and gelatin.