Polymer solubility in ionic liquids: dominated by hydrogen bonding

Polymer solubility in ionic liquids (ILs) cannot be predicted by the solubility parameter approach based on the like dissolves like principle. According to the Kamlet-Abraham-Taft (KAT) multi-parameter polarity scale, ILs can be categorized on the basis of hydrogen-bond acidity or basicity ones. The experimental observations, that acidic ILs easily dissolve basic polymers and basic ILs dissolve acidic polymers, reflect the complementary nature of hydrogen-bonding interactions. A quantitative hydrogen-bonding analysis is proposed for predicting the solubility by taking the product of Delta alpha Delta beta as an indicator of the competition between cross-association and self-association hydrogen bonding (H-bonding), where Delta alpha is the difference of acidity parameters between the polymer and IL, and Delta beta is the difference of basicity. This solubility criterion has been validated by the solubility data of 19 polymers (11 acidic and 8 basic) in 11 ILs (7 acidic and 4 basic). These principles based on KAT parameters can be applied to other systems dominated by hydrogen bonding.

Automated summary

Polymer solubility in ionic liquids cannot be predicted by traditional solubility parameter approach. ILs can be classified based on their hydrogen-bond acidity or basicity, with acidic ILs dissolving basic polymers and basic ILs dissolving acidic polymers. A quantitative hydrogen-bonding analysis has been proposed to predict solubility, validated by experimental data of 19 polymers in 11 ILs. These principles can be applied to other systems governed by hydrogen bonding.