Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 22, Issue 19, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910370
Keywords
chronic pain; specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators; inflammation; long-term potentiation; central nervous system sensitization; polyunsaturated fatty acids; eicosanoids; nociception; omega 3 fatty acids; pain management
Funding
- Consejo de Desarrollo Cientifico, Humanistico y Tecnologico (CONDES), University of Zulia [CC-0437-10-21-09-10]
- Fundacite-Zulia [FZ-0058-2007]
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Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) have emerged as a promising alternative for chronic pain management, playing a central role in regulating inflammation and neuroinflammation. Studies have shown that SPMs can inhibit central and peripheral sensitizations associated with chronic pain disorders, providing a potential therapeutic tool for patients with CP.
Chronic pain (CP) is a severe clinical entity with devastating physical and emotional consequences for patients, which can occur in a myriad of diseases. Often, conventional treatment approaches appear to be insufficient for its management. Moreover, considering the adverse effects of traditional analgesic treatments, specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) have emerged as a promising alternative for CP. These include various bioactive molecules such as resolvins, maresins, and protectins, derived from omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs); and lipoxins, produced from omega-6 PUFAs. Indeed, SPMs have been demonstrated to play a central role in the regulation and resolution of the inflammation associated with CP. Furthermore, these molecules can modulate neuroinflammation and thus inhibit central and peripheral sensitizations, as well as long-term potentiation, via immunomodulation and regulation of nociceptor activity and neuronal pathways. In this context, preclinical and clinical studies have evidenced that the use of SPMs is beneficial in CP-related disorders, including rheumatic diseases, migraine, neuropathies, and others. This review integrates current preclinical and clinical knowledge on the role of SPMs as a potential therapeutic tool for the management of patients with CP.
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