Recent advances and perspectives of two-dimensional Ti-based electrodes for electrochemical energy storage

Two-dimensional (2D) titanium (Ti)-based nanomaterials have been extensively investigated due to their small strain expansion, abundant ion diffusion paths, high safety, and low cost. Nonetheless, such Ti-based nanosheets typically exhibit only poor electrical conductivity and can easily restack. Great efforts have been contributed to alleviating these issues based on nanofabrication and nanoengineering strategies. In this review, we survey the recent progress of the preparation and applications of 2D Ti-based nanostructures in electrochemical energy storage, such as supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, and other multivalent metal-ion batteries, with a focus on the crystal structure, electrochemical energy storage mechanism, and advanced in situ characterization techniques. Finally, a perspective is included to highlight the challenges and promises in the exploitation of 2D Ti-based materials for further enhancement of the performance of energy storage devices.

Automated summary

2D titanium-based nanomaterials have been extensively studied for their small strain expansion, abundant ion diffusion paths, high safety, and low cost, but typically exhibit poor electrical conductivity and restacking issues. Recent research efforts focus on nanofabrication and nanoengineering to address these challenges, with a particular emphasis on applications in electrochemical energy storage and promising advancements for enhancing energy storage device performance.