Journal
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL HEPATOLOGY
Volume 9, Issue 6, Pages 889-897Publisher
XIA & HE PUBLISHING INC
DOI: 10.14218/JCTH.2021.00056
Keywords
Hepatocellular carcinoma; Hepatitis B virus; Programmed cell death protein 1; Prognosis; Clinicopathology
Categories
Funding
- Special Research Foundation of the National Nature Science Foundation of China [81972262, 81972255, 81772597, 81702904]
- Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation [2020A1515010117, 2018A030313645]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [17ykpy44, 18ykpy22]
- Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Molecular Mechanism and Translational Medicine of Guangzhou Bureau of Science and Information Technology [[2013]163]
- Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Gene Regulation and Target Therapy of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes [KLB09001]
- Guangdong Science and Technology Department [2015B050501004, 2017B030314026]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81801999]
- Shangrao Science and Technology Department [2020D001]
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The meta-analysis revealed that high PD-1 expression levels were associated with multiple tumors, high AFP levels, and advanced BCLC stage in HBV-HCC patients, predicting a poor prognosis. This suggests that anti-PD-1 therapy may be a viable option for HBV-HCC patients.
Background and Aims: The efficacy of targeted programmed cell death 1/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has been confirmed in many solid malignant tumors. The overexpression of PD-1/PD-L1 serves as a biomarker to predict prognosis and clinical progression. However, the role of PD-1 in patients with hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-HCC) remains indeterminate. Given that HBV is the most important cause for HCC, this study aimed to investigate the prognostic and clinicopathological value of PD-1 in HBV-HCC via a meta-analysis. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Google Scholar up to January 2021 for studies on the correlation between clinicopathology/prognosis and PD-1 in patients with HBV-HCC. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to investigate the prognostic significance of PD-1 expression. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were determined to explore the association between PD-1 expression and clinicopathological features. Results: Our analysis included seven studies with 658 patients, which showed that high PD-1 expression was statistically correlated with poorer overall survival (HR=2.188, 95% CI: [1.262-3.115], p<0.001) and disease-free survival (HR=2.743, 95% CI: [1.980-3.506], p<0.001). PD-1 overexpression was correlated with multiple tumors (OR=2.268, 95% CI: [1.209-4.257], p=0.011), high level of alpha fetoprotein (AFP; OR=1.495, 95% CI: [1.005-2.223], p=0.047) and advanced Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage (OR=3.738, 95% CI: [2.101-6.651], p<0.001). Conclusions: Our meta-analysis revealed that the high level of PD-1 expression was associated with multiple tumors, high level of AFP and advanced BCLC stage. It significantly predicted a poor prognosis of HBV-HCC, which suggests that anti-PD-1 therapy for HBV-HCC patients is plausible.
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