Journal
ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
Volume 3, Issue 9, Pages 3789-3803Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsaelm.1c00305
Keywords
near-infrared persistent luminescence; defect clusters; interstitial oxygen; natural-light excitation; temperature sensor
Funding
- Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province [2020-MS-081]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51972047]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [N172002001]
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The study synthesized phosphors with near-infrared persistent luminescent properties and found that better luminescence can be achieved under specific doping and temperature conditions, showing potential for temperature sensing applications.
Modern engineering fields put forward requirements for optical temperature sensors, which need natural-light excitation/storage and near-infrared (NIR) afterglow emission for some special conditions. Here, NIR persistent luminescent phosphors of ZnGa2-x(Mg/Ge)(x)O-4:Cr3+ (x = 0-1.25) have been synthesized. The incorporation of Mg2+/Ge4+ ions in ZnGa2O4:Cr3+ resulted in more defect clusters of Mg'(Ga)-Ge-Ga(center dot) and Zn'(Ga)-Ge-Ga(center dot) and interstitial oxygens (O-Int). Increasing the calcination temperature and Mg2+/Ge4+ doping both contributed to the generation of O-Int. Higher efficiency of visible light excitation was observed, mainly due to the defect clusters and O-Int. The samples exhibited a bright NIR emission at 695 nm by exposure to UV or visible light, and the NIR signal can last longer than 1 h after the stoppage of excitation. Incorporation of Mg2+/Ge4+ and increasing the calcination temperature both resulted in a deeper trap depth. However, the density of trapped charge carriers takes the dominant role in the persistent luminescence. Therefore, the x = 0.25 sample, having the most trapped charge carriers, exhibits the best afterglow performance. The prepared phosphor exhibited a temperature-dependent persistent luminescence behavior, which can charge natural light and release NIR light repeatedly many times, indicating that they are the potential natural-light rechargeable materials for temperature sensing.
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