4.6 Article

Downconversion of quantum fluctuations of photonic heat current in a circuit

Journal

PHYSICAL REVIEW B
Volume 104, Issue 16, Pages -

Publisher

AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.104.165418

Keywords

-

Funding

  1. Academy of Finland [312057]
  2. European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the European Re-search Council (ERC) programme [742559]
  3. Marie Skodowska-Curie actions [766025]
  4. Russian Science Foundation [20-62-46026]
  5. Foundational Questions In-stitute Fund (FQXi) [FQXi-IAF19-06]
  6. Russian Science Foundation [20-62-46026] Funding Source: Russian Science Foundation

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This article discusses the nonzero-frequency noise of heat current using the example of thermal photons in a circuit. A setup with two resistors forming heat baths composed of bosonic oscillators is described, providing a convenient way to deal with noise. The method presented in the article can convert high-frequency quantum noise into zero frequency for easier measurement.
We discuss the nonzero frequency noise of heat current with the explicit example of energy carried by thermal photons in a circuit. Instead of the standard circuit modeling that gives a convenient way of predicting timeaveraged heat current, we describe a setup composed of two resistors forming the heat baths by collections of bosonic oscillators. In terms of average heat transport this model leads to identical results with the conventional one, but besides this, it yields a convenient way of dealing with noise as well. The nonzero-frequency heat current noise does not vanish in equilibrium even at zero temperature, a result that is known for, e.g., electron tunneling. We present a modulation method that can convert the difficult-to-measure high-frequency quantum noise down to zero frequency.

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