Journal
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 27, Issue 10, Pages 2619-2627Publisher
CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION
DOI: 10.3201/eid2710.210297
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Funding
- Theme Based Research Scheme [T11-705/14N, T11-712/19-N]
- Research Grants Council, Hong Kong SAR, China
- US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases under Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Surveillance [HHSN272201400006C]
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The recent HPAI A(H5N6/H5N8) avian isolates have the potential for zoonotic transmission but low transmissibility among humans. They showed differential cellular tropism in human airway organoids and induced low levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines.
The numerous global outbreaks and continuous reassortments of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N6/H5N8) clade 2.3.4.4 viruses in birds pose a major risk to the public health. We investigated the tropism and innate host responses of 5 recent HPAI A(H5N6/H5N8) avian isolates of clades 2.3.4.4b, e, and h in human airway organoids and primary human alveolar epithelial cells. The HPAI A(H5N6/H5N8) avian isolates replicated productively but with lower competence than the influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, HPAI A(H5N1), and HPAI A(H5N6) isolates from humans in both or either models. They showed differential cellular tropism in human airway organoids; some infected all 4 major epithelial cell types: ciliated cells, club cells, goblet cells, and basal cells. Our results suggest zoonotic potential but low transmissibility of the HPAI A(H5N6/H5N8) avian isolates among humans. These viruses induced low levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines, which are unlikely to contribute to the pathogenesis of severe disease.
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