One-dimensional core-shell motif nanowires with chemically-bonded transition metal sulfide-carbon heterostructures for efficient sodium-ion storage

Herein, a chemical-vapor deposition-like strategy was developed for the synthesis of versatile core-shell transition metal sulfide (TMS)@carbon nanowires with chemically-bonded heterostructures and significantly improved electrochemical performance. The morphological evolution observations revealed the simultaneous growth of TMS nanowires and their bonding with an ultrathin carbon layer. The resulting core-shell heterostructured nanowires possessed notable advantages, including fast ion/electron diffusion rates, improved conductivity, and chemical/mechanical stability, thereby leading to remarkable reversible capacity, rate capability, and cycling stability for Na-ion storage applications. The in situ transmission electron microscopy and in situ X-ray diffraction studies for FeS@C demonstrated the crystalline phase evolution between hexagonal and tetragonal FeS species during the electrochemical charging/discharging process, clearly indicating the excellent Na-ion storage performance of FeS@C nanowires. This work provides a new methodology for achieving 1D core-shell nanoarchitectures, while elucidating the electrochemical reaction mechanism underlying Na-ion storage in TMS materials.

Automated summary

A chemical-vapor deposition-like strategy was developed for synthesizing versatile core-shell transition metal sulfide (TMS)@carbon nanowires with improved electrochemical performance. The resulting nanowires exhibited fast ion/electron diffusion rates, improved conductivity, and remarkable reversible capacity, rate capability, and cycling stability for Na-ion storage applications. In situ transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction studies showed excellent Na-ion storage performance of FeS@C nanowires, providing insights into the electrochemical reaction mechanism underlying Na-ion storage in TMS materials.